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What is a tax transcript?

Short answer

A tax transcript is a free Internal Revenue Service (IRS) document that summarizes information from your tax return or tax account. Depending on the type, it may show your filing status, adjusted gross income (AGI), wages, payments, or later IRS changes. It isn’t a photocopy of your original return. Personal information is partially masked, while financial amounts remain visible.

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Types of IRS tax transcripts

The IRS offers five transcript types at no charge. The right one depends on the information you need.

Transcript typeWhat it showsWhen it can help
Tax return transcriptMost line items from your original return, including AGI, but not later changesReviewing your originally filed return or verifying income
Tax account transcriptBasic return information, payments, and changes made after filingChecking account activity or resolving an IRS notice
Record of account transcriptInformation from both the tax return and tax account transcriptsViewing the original return and later activity together
Wage and income transcriptInformation reported on Forms W-2, 1098, 1099, and 5498Replacing missing income records or preparing a return
Verification of non-filing letterConfirmation that the IRS has no processed return on record for a particular yearProviding proof that no return was filed

Source: Internal Revenue Service

Note: A tax return transcript is generally available for the current and three prior tax years. A tax account transcript may be available for the current and nine prior tax years through an IRS Individual Online Account.

Tax transcript vs. a copy of your tax return

A transcript is a free summary of information in IRS records. A full copy of your tax return includes the return and attachments as originally filed.

To request a copy, submit Form 4506 and pay a $30 fee for each return. Processing may take up to 75 calendar days. Before ordering one, confirm whether the organization requesting your records will accept a transcript instead.

Finding your adjusted gross income

Your tax return transcript shows the AGI from your originally filed return. A tax account transcript also shows AGI and may reflect later IRS adjustments.

You may need your prior-year AGI to validate an electronically filed return. You can view it through your IRS Individual Online Account or request a transcript if you no longer have your original return.

Requesting an IRS tax transcript

You can request a transcript in several ways:

Note: Mailed transcripts go to the address on your latest return. If you’ve moved, update your address before submitting the request.